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Encyclopedia Britannica



SATISFACTION (Lat. salisfacerc, to satisfy)

This article appears in Volume V24, Page 230 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: SAR-SCY
SATISFACTION (Lat. salisfacerc, to satisfy) , reparation for an injury or offence; payment, pecuniary or otherwise, of a debt or
obligation
 ; particularly, in law, and equitable
doctrine
  of much importance. It may operate either as between strangers or as between father and child. As between strangers: it was laid down in Talbot v. Duke of Shrewsbury, 1714, Pr. Ch. 394, that where a debtor bequeaths to his creditor a legacy as
great
  as, or greater than the debt, the legacy shall be deemed a
satisfaction
  of the debt. This
rule
 , however, has fallen under a consider-able amount of discredit, and very small circumstances are required to rebut the presumption of
satisfaction
 . If the debt was incurred after the execution of the will, there is no satisfaction, nor is there where the will giving the legacy contains a direction to pay debts. As between parent and child, the
doctrine
  operates (a) in the satisfaction of legacies by portions, and (b) of portions by legacies. In the case of (a), it has been laid down that where a parent, or one acting in loco parentis, gives a legacy to a child, without stating the purpose for which he gives it, it will be understood as a portion; and if the father afterwards advance a portion on the
marriage
 , or preferment
in life, of that child, though of less amount, it is a satisfaction of the whole, or in part. This application of the doctrineis based on the
maxim
  that " equality is
equity
 ," as is also the
rule
  (b) that where a legacy bequeathed by a parent, or one in loco parentis, is as
great
  as, or greater than, a portion or provision previously secured to the child, a presumption arises that the legacy was intended by the parent as a complete satisfaction. In each of the above cases, of course, the presumption may be rebutted by evidence of the testator's intentions.
In theology, the doctrine of satisfaction is the doctrine that the sufferings of Christ are accepted by the divine
justice
  as a substitute for the
punishment
  due for the sins of the world
(see ATONEMENT).


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