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Encyclopedia Britannica



HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 302 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: HEG-HIG
HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836) , English chemist, son of
Thomas
 
Henry
  (17341816), an apothecary and writer on chemistry, was born at Manchester on the 12th of December 1775. He began to study
medicine
  at Edinburgh in 1795, taking his
doctor
 's degree in 1807, but ill-health interrupted his practice as a physician, and he devoted his time mainly to chemical research, especially in regard to gases. One. of his best-known papers (Phil. Trans., 1803) describes experiments on the quantity of gases absorbed by water at different temperatures and under different pressures, the conclusion he reached ("
Henry
 's law ") being that " water takes up of gas condensed by one, two or more additional atmospheres, a quantity which, ordinarily compressed, would be equal to twice, thrice, &c. the volume absorbed under the common pressure of the atmosphere." Others of his papers deal with gas-
analysis
 , fire-
damp
 ,
illuminating
  gas, the composition of hydrochloric acid and of ammonia, urinary and other morbid concretions, and the disinfecting powers of heat. His Elements of Experimental Chemistry (1799) enjoyed considerable vogue in its day, going through 11 editions in 30 years. He died at Pendlebury, near Manchester, on the and of September 1836.


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