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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: CHR-CLI |
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CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION with his medical practice. In the previous year he was appointed foreign secretary of the Royal Society, of which he had. been elected a fellow in 1794. In 181r he became physician to St George's Hospital
Young
work
series of researches which did much to establish the undulatory theory of light, and as the discoverer of the interference of light (see INTERFERENCE). He has also been called the founder of physiological optics. In 1793 he explained the mode in which the eye accommodates itself to vision at different distances as depending on change of the curvature of the crystalline lens; in 18o1 he described the defect known as astigmatism; and in his Lectures he put forward the hypothesis, afterwards developed by H. von Helmholtz, that colour perception depends on the presence in the retina of three kinds of nerve fibres which respond respectively to red, green and violet light. In physiology he made an important contribution to haemadynamics in the Croonian lecture for r8o8 on the " Functions of the Heart and Arteries," and his medical writings included An Introduction to Medical Literature, including a System of Practical
Nosology (1813) and A Practical
In another field of research, he was one of the first successful workers at the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphic. inscriptions ; by 1814 he had completely translated the enchorial (demotic) text of the Rosetta
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His works were collected, with a Life by G. Peacock, in 1855. End of Article: CHRISTIAN If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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