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Antipope A false claimant of the Holy See in opposition to a pontiff canonically elected. At various times in the history of the Church illegal pretenders to the Papal Chair have arisen, and frequently exercised pontifical functions in defiance of the true occupant. Hergenröther enumerates thirty in the following order: Hippolytus (?), III century Novatian, 251 Felix II, 355-365 Ursicinus, 366-367 Eulalius, 418-419 Laurentius, 498-501 Constantine II, 767 Philip, VIII century Anastasius, 855 Leo VIII, 956-963 Boniface VII, 974 John XVI, X century Gregory, 1012 Sylvester III, 1044 Benedict X, 1058 Honorius II, 1061-72 Guibert or Clement III, 1080-1100 Theodoric, 1100 Aleric, 1102 Maginulf, 1105 Burdin (Gregory VIII), 1118 Anacletus II, 1130-38 Victor IV, 1159-64 Pascal III, 1164-68 Calixtus III, 1168-77 Innocent III, 1178-80 Nicholas V, 1328-30 Robert of Geneva (Clement VII), 20 September, 1378 to 16 September, 1394 Amadeus of Savoy (Felix V), November, 1439 to April, 1449 [Note: See also Alexander III, Dioscorus (d. 530), and John XXIII (1370-1419)] Transcribed by Paul T. Crowley Dedicated to Pope John Paul II